What is Uterus Prolapse?

Uterus Prolapse, technically known as Utero-Vaginal Prolapse but also called uterine prolapse, is descent of the uterus and vagina from their normal position in the pelvis. Commonly, it occurs in patients who have developed vaginal defects as a result of child birth (vaginal delivery), menopause, aging, and other existing risk factors.

Symptoms of a Prolapsed Uterus

Women with uterus prolapse (or utero-vaginal prolapse) present with a myriad of symptoms caused by a bulge in vaginal compartment, which may lead to incomplete bladder and bowel emptying, as well as urinary dysfunction, and painful intercourse. Some report difficulty in retaining a tampon; this occurs because the cervix and uterus literally descend and push the tampon down the vaginal canal and out the vaginal opening.  When prolapse becomes very severe and the cervix protrudes through the vaginal opening, patients can experience bleeding from erosion of the cervix and the vaginal walls.

Treatment for Uterine Prolapse

The surgical approach utilized when treating utero-vaginal prolapse depends on the degree of prolapse, desire for future fertility, and patient preference. Vaginal hysterectomy is the least invasive of all modalities, with no incisions on the abdomen whatsoever.  Scientific studies that are supported by several national organizations show that vaginal hysterectomy (when indicated) is the preferred approach to treating benign disease, such as prolapse.  It has been shown repeatedly to have the lowest complication rate with the quickest return to normal activities.

Some patients may wish to preserve fertility, yet their quality of life is significantly altered by prolapse. These patients may be candidates for uterine preservation. In these select patients, a uterine preservation surgery may be beneficial. This approach allows for future child bearing during a reconstructive procedure that will also correct the vaginal wall laxity and relaxation of the pelvic floor.